61 papers
HIV/AIDS research remains a critical frontier in global health, focusing on everything from understanding how the virus interacts with the human immune system to developing new treatments and vaccines. This field is constantly evolving, with scientists working tirelessly to improve patient outcomes and move closer to a functional cure. Because these discoveries happen rapidly, staying updated with the latest findings is essential for both experts and the public.
At Gist.Science, we bridge the gap between complex research and clear understanding by processing every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv. We transform these dense scientific documents into both plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring that the latest insights into HIV and AIDS are accessible to everyone. Below are the most recent papers we have analyzed, offering a fresh look at the ongoing fight against the virus.
This protocol outlines a single-center cross-sectional study designed to characterize epigenetic aging and its associations with treatment history, lifestyle, and clinical markers in 100 Japanese men living with HIV, aiming to address the scarcity of data on this topic in the Japanese population.
This mixed-methods study in Kericho County, Kenya, identifies that employed men and those willing to participate in future campaigns are more likely to utilize community-post HIV testing services, while frequent travelers, those engaging in unprotected sex, and those unsure about future participation are less likely to use them.
A national retrospective evaluation in Malawi demonstrates that transitioning to the WHO-recommended three-test HIV strategy effectively prevented false-positive diagnoses and unnecessary antiretroviral therapy at a modest incremental cost, thereby supporting the broader adoption of this guidance in similar settings.
This large-scale emulated target trial study in South Africa demonstrates that transitioning virally suppressed children and adolescents with HIV from efavirenz- or lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens to dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of death or viral rebound over 12 to 24 months, strongly supporting the global shift toward dolutegravir for this population.
This study analyzes the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey to reveal significant pro-rich socioeconomic inequalities and distinct north-south spatial clustering in HIV testing uptake, identifying education, wealth, and geographic location as key determinants that necessitate targeted interventions for equitable access.
This target trial emulation study in Zambia demonstrates that initiating six-month multi-month dispensing of antiretroviral therapy between 3 to 6 months after treatment start is associated with a lower risk of treatment interruption compared to the standard 6-to-12-month initiation window, supporting the safety and efficacy of earlier access to extended dispensing.
This study of 198 women living with HIV at Zambia's Cancer Disease Hospital reveals that while effective antiretroviral therapy has decoupled HIV disease status from cervical cancer stage, younger women and peri-urban residents remain at highest risk for late-stage diagnosis, highlighting a critical need for improved screening coverage.
A cross-sectional survey of 846 female university students in Zambia found that while acceptability of receiving HIV and sexual and reproductive health services at hair salons varies by specific service, hair salons represent a promising, demedicalized community setting for reaching at-risk young women, particularly as higher perceived HIV risk correlates with greater service acceptability.
This study utilized a Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchical model integrating machine-learning-derived geospatial covariates with Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data from 2008 to 2022 to generate calibrated district-level estimates of HIV testing uptake, revealing a persistent north-to-south gradient and identifying specific clusters for targeted intervention that remain unexplained by accessibility and urbanicity alone.
This study of 1,132 people living with HIV in Kenya reveals that household energy poverty significantly increases insomnia, while physical activity reduces insomnia symptoms, though it does not statistically moderate the negative impact of energy poverty.